| 7 | Application | Anwendung | DHCP, DNS, FTP, HTTP, HTTPS | Gateway, Content-Switch, Proxy, Layer-4-7-Switch | 
      
          | 6 | Presentation | Darstellung | DHCP, DNS, FTP, HTTP, HTTPS | Gateway, Content-Switch, Proxy, Layer-4-7-Switch | 
      
          | 5 | Session | Sitzung | DHCP, DNS, FTP, HTTP, HTTPS | Gateway, Content-Switch, Proxy, Layer-4-7-Switch | 
      
          | 4 | Transport | Transport | TCP, UDP | Gateway, Content-Switch, Proxy, Layer-4-7-Switch | 
      
          | 3 | Network | Vermittlung | IP | Router, Layer-3-Switch | 
      
          | 2 | Data Link | Sicherung | Ethernet | Bridge, Layer-2-Switch, Wireless Access Point | 
      
          | 1 | Physical | Bitübertragung |  | Netzwerkkabel, Repeater, Hub |